Introduction Heavy metal contamination has emerged as a serious environmental issue due to rapid industrialization, urban expansion, and unsustainable waste disposal practices. Metals like lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and chromium…
Introduction Medicinal plants are crucial in both the pharmaceutical and food sectors. Phytochemical substances derived from these plants have been converted into commercial medications and continue to be a source…
1. Introduction Pesticides encompass a range of organic and inorganic compounds utilized to control pests [7; 16] or eliminate weeds, playing a significant role in global crop production [6; [38].…
Introduction The Coccinellid (Coleoptera), commonly known as ladybird beetles, constitutes an ecologically and economically significant group of predatory insects. They are renowned for their role as efficient biological control agents…
Introduction We are all aware with the importance of air, water, and land for the survival of living organisms. Air is necessary for respiration, and it is a mixture of…
1.0 Introduction Manufacturing industries play a vital role in driving economic growth, employment creation, and technological advancement across both developed and developing economies. Their performance is often viewed as a…
Introduction Snakes, being ecologically, medicinally, mythologically and culturally important cold-blooded limbless creeping vertebrates under class reptilia, play crucial role in our ecosystem by balancing & maintaining the ecological food web.…
Introduction Fingerprints are of utmost importance in the field of forensic science as they are corroborative evidence. Fingerprints are globally accepted for individual identification because their friction-ridge patterns remain unchanged…
Introduction Biodiversity is the foundation of ecosystem functioning, resilience, and productivity. Forest ecosystems, in particular, harbor a vast variety of species that contribute to ecological balance, nutrient cycling, carbon sequestration,…
Introduction Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common type of leukemia found in children, although it can also affect adults [1]. This condition originates in lymphoid cells and can…