Introduction Riparian ecosystems occupy the transitional zone between terrestrial and aquatic environments and rank among the most ecologically dynamic and species-rich habitats on Earth. Positioned along riverbanks, stream margins, and…
Introduction In Tamil Nadu there are 34 rivers, including one west flowing river. All these 34 Rivers are grouped into 17 River basins for hydrological studies for water resources planning…
Introduction Cyanogenic glycosides are a class of naturally occurring phytochemicals widely distributed among plants, including those in the Prunus genus. These compounds, such as amygdalin, are significant in the fields of toxicology,…
Introduction Forest resources are crucial for supporting rural livelihoods, especially for women farmers residing in forest reserve regions. In numerous developing nations, including Imo State, forests supply vital resources…
Introduction Forests are essential natural assets that sustain livelihoods, protect biodiversity, and support ecological stability. In numerous developing countries, forest reserves serve multiple purposes—ranging from conserving species and regulating…
Introduction: Due to the unique ecology of Mukutmanipur, various types of plants and animals can be seen here. Although it is not a recognized biodiversity hotspot like the Himalayas or…
Introduction In a broad sense, biodiversity represents the comprehensive assembly of species, populations, and ecological communities that exist within both natural and human-managed environments. This biological variety spans diverse landscapes,…
Introduction The global human population in 2025 is estimated to range between 8.1 and 8.2 billion, reflecting the continued pattern of steady demographic growth observed over recent decades. Projections from…
Introduction On December 31, 2019, the World Health Organization (WHO) office in China was notified of several cases of pneumonia of unknown etiology (unknown cause) detected in the city of…
Introduction Iodine is an essential trace element for thyroid function, particularly in the synthesis of thyroid hormones (triiodothyronine T3 and thyroxine T4), which play a role in regulating the body’s…