Introduction Fruits and vegetables are vital elements of a nutritious diet owing to their abundant array of bioactive substances, especially antioxidants like vitamin C, carotenoids, flavonoids, phenolic acids, and…
Introduction The proliferation of human pharmaceuticals in global ecosystems represents a significant threat to wildlife preservation and habitat stability [1]. Active pharmaceutical ingredients enter terrestrial and aquatic environments through multiple…
Introduction The widespread use of petroleum-derived plastics in food packaging has become a significant environmental concern owing to their limited biodegradability and prolonged persistence in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Packaging…
Introduction Microalgae represent a highly diverse group of photosynthetic microorganisms inhabiting freshwater, marine, and terrestrial ecosystems, contributing significantly to global carbon fixation, oxygen evolution, and ecological nutrient cycling. Their remarkable…
Introduction Increasing interest in synthetic dyes is causing a resurgence of scientific interest in naturally occurring dyes based on plants. Such synthetic dyes as those used in textile, food, cosmetic,…
1.0 Introduction Due to increase in climatic change, the use of flood predictive models is increasingly gaining importance for flood impact mitigation. In the present study, an attempt has been…
1. Introduction Rice (Oryza sativa L.) constitutes the primary caloric staple for over half the global population, with more than 90% of production concentrated in Asia [1]. India, recognised as…
1. INTRODUCTION The Mediterranean Sea (2,500,000 km²) is recognized as one of the world's most important marine biodiversity hotspots, supporting a rich assemblage of marine organisms despite occupying less than…
1. INTRODUCTION Skates belonging to the family Rajidae constitute an ecologically and commercially important group of cartilaginous fishes inhabiting continental shelf and slope ecosystems throughout the world oceans, including the…
Introduction Land holds a foundational role in African thought, shaping cultural practices, religious beliefs, and social structures. Across many African communities, land is more than an economic resource—it is a…